Fluorine gas, elemental fluorine gas, chemical formula is F2, light yellow highly toxic gas, fluorine gas is very active in chemical properties and has strong oxidizing properties. Except perfluorinated compounds, it can react with almost all organic and inorganic substances. In industry, fluorine gas can be used as oxidant in rocket fuel, raw material for halogenated fluorine, refrigerant, plasma etching, etc.

Physical Properties
Melting point: -219.62℃
Boiling point: -188.1℃
Density: 1.554kg/m3 (gas)
Critical temperature: -128.8℃
Critical pressure: 5215 kPa
Critical density: 574 kg/m3
Octanol/water partition coefficient: 0.22
Appearance: pale yellow gas with a special unpleasant odor

Use
1. Manufacture of fluoride: using the reaction of fluorine gas and water, fluorine gas can be used to prepare hydrofluoric acid (HF: 2H2O+2F2=4HF+O2), hydrofluoric acid in the purification of aluminum and uranium, etching glass, semiconductor industry It plays an important role in the removal of oxides on the surface of silicon and the synthesis of various fluorine-containing organic compounds. Fluorine gas can also be used to prepare sodium fluoride, which can be used as wood preservatives, agricultural pesticides, and sterilization in the brewing industry. agents, pharmaceutical preservatives, welding fluxes, alkaline zincate galvanizing additives, etc.
2. Manufacture of fluorine-containing plastics: fluorine-containing plastics can be prepared by the reaction of fluorine gas and plastics. Fluorine-containing plastics have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, oil resistance, high vacuum resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and resistance to various chemicals, and have been used in modern aviation. , missiles, rockets, astronautics, ships, atomic energy and other technologies and automotive, shipbuilding, chemical, petroleum, telecommunications, instruments, machinery and other industrial fields.
4. Atomic energy industry: Uranium 235 is extracted from uranium ore by fluorine. Because the compound of uranium and fluorine is very volatile, it can be separated from other impurities by fractional distillation to obtain very pure uranium 235. Uranium 235 is the raw material for making atomic bombs. Among all the compounds of uranium, only fluoride has good volatility.
5. Aviation: Due to the strong oxidizing property of fluorine gas, liquefied fluorine gas can be used as an oxidant in rocket fuel.
6. Other aspects: Fluorine gas is also used in metal welding and cutting, electroplating, glass processing, drugs, pesticides, rodenticides, refrigerants, plasma etching, etc.

Security
The workplace should be ventilated to keep the air fresh and dry. Use special cylinders for storage. Cylinders must be isolated from other materials, especially materials that can react with fluorine, and should be kept away from fire-prone places.
When a fire occurs, firefighters must operate in an explosion-proof shelter, and must not spray water directly into the air leakage, otherwise it will contribute to the fire. For extinguishing, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand, and waste gas can be absorbed by water.

Storage and Transportation
Fluorine gas is a toxic compressed gas and should be stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse, and should be kept away from fire and heat sources. Implement the "two-person sending and receiving, two-person custody" system. Keep away from fire and heat sources. The storage temperature should not exceed 30℃. It should be stored separately from combustible (combustible) materials, active metal powder, and edible chemicals, and should not be mixed. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.
The railway transportation shall be reported to the Railway Bureau for trial operation, and the trial operation period is two years. After the trial operation, write a trial operation report and report to the Ministry of Railways to officially announce the transportation conditions. When transporting by rail, it should be assembled in strict accordance with the Dangerous Goods Compatibility Table in the "Rules for the Transport of Dangerous Goods" of the Ministry of Railways. The safety cap on the cylinder must be worn when transporting in a fresh bottle. The cylinders are generally laid flat, and the bottle mouths should be in the same direction, and should not cross; the height should not exceed the guardrail of the vehicle, and be fastened with triangular wooden pads to prevent rolling. It is strictly forbidden to mix and transport with flammable or combustible materials, active metal powder, edible chemicals, etc. In summer, it should be transported in the morning and evening to prevent sunlight exposure. When transporting by road, it is necessary to drive according to the prescribed route, and it is forbidden to stay in residential areas and densely populated areas. It is forbidden to slip away during railway transportation.